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THE BRAIN >> As the brainstem is responsible for vital survival functions, brain injury that damages the brainstem is often fatal. People who survive brainstem injury usually require assistance with simple physical functions like breathing and regulating pulse. >
 * cerebellum-
 * Meaning "little brain" in Latin, the cerebellum controls motor activity and helps a person maintain posture and balance. The cerebellum also enables a person to perform rapid and repetitive movements like running. Injury to the cerebellum causes dizziness, mobility problems, or paralysis.
 * Mobility
 * Balance
 * Posture
 * Cerebrum
 * frontal lobe-
 * The frontal lobe is the largest of the four lobes. The frontal lobe is responsible for many different functions involving conscious thought, voluntary movement, and personality. The frontal lobe also facilitates word choice, organization, and behavior. Frontal lobe damage can dramatically change personality and behavior, and impair judgment, attention span and organization
 * Motivation
 * Judgment
 * Behavioral choices
 * Planning
 * Personality
 * Organization
 * Attention
 * Expressive language and word choice
 * optical lobes-
 * Located at the back of the brain, the occipital lobes receive and process visual information. The occipital lobes also process colors and shapes. Whereas the right occipital lobe interprets images from the left visual space, the left occipital lobe interprets images from the right visual space. Damage to the occipital lobes can permanently damage visual perception
 * Vision
 * parietal-
 * The parietal lobes process and interpret signals received from other brain areas. These signals include vision, hearing, motor skills, and memory. The parietal lobes give objects meaning and environments depth. Parietal lobe damage disrupts shape, size and color identification, and distance perception.
 * Touch
 * Size, shape, color identification
 * Spatial perception
 * Visual perception
 * temporal lobes-
 * The temporal lobes are on the bottom (ventral) and the side (lateral) of each brain hemisphere. The right temporal lobe facilitates visual memory. The left temporal lobe facilitates verbal and language memory and assists with organization and event sequencing. The back of the temporal lobes enables emotional interpretation.
 * Memory
 * Hearing
 * Processing language and communicationOrganization
 * Sequencing
 * Emotional interpretation
 * cerebral cortex-
 * The cerebral cortex is tissue that covers the cerebrum. A thick band of nerves (corpus callosum) connects the right and left cerebral cortex sides. The cerebral cortex is responsible for most "higher order" or intellectual brain functions such as thinking, reasoning, judging, planning, voluntary movement, and overall behavior. Injury to this area of the brain can impair judgment, cause dramatic personality change, and create problems with attention and focus.
 * Thinking
 * Planning
 * Judgment
 * Voluntary movements
 * Speech and language
 * Reasoning
 * brainstem-
 * The brainstem is connected to the spinal cord at the back of the brain. The brainstem controls unconscious functions such as respiration, digestion, and pulse. Three structures comprise the brainstem: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. The midbrain controls eye movement and focus. The pons sends signals back and forth between the cerebrum and cerebellum. The medulla oblongata controls respiration, blood pressure, pulse rate, and digestion.
 * Respiration
 * Pulse
 * Consciousness
 * Sleep / wake cycle
 * Concentration and attention